{"id":2235,"date":"2021-09-16T04:03:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-16T04:03:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/byta.com\/blog\/?p=2235"},"modified":"2023-11-29T04:09:40","modified_gmt":"2023-11-29T04:09:40","slug":"digital-blues-the-challenges-of-music-sharing-metadata","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/byta.com\/blog\/insights\/digital-blues-the-challenges-of-music-sharing-metadata\/","title":{"rendered":"Digital Blues: The Day-to-Day Challenges of Music Sharing – Part I – Metadata"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Part I \u2013 Metadata<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Inside your downloads folder, you come across a folder labelled \u201cWAV.\u201d Inside are eight tracks. Maybe they have track titles, or maybe each one is simply named \u201cTRACK 01,\u201d \u201cTRACK 02,\u201d etc. You decide to listen anyways, and after a quick preview with the spacebar, you drop the files into iTunes, at which point… no additional information (metadata) comes up.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you work in the music industry, some version of the above scenario has almost certainly happened to you. The problem is metadata, and while it\u2019s not exactly the sexiest topic\u2014after all, we\u2019re literally talking about making sure that song files are labelled properly and have complete and accurate credits\u2014its capacity to foul things up is practically immeasurable, particularly in a world where the day-to-day business of music has become almost entirely digital.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For the average consumer, the metadata issue most frequently boils down to the credits displayed on streaming platforms, which have their fair share of errors but are also plagued by a more insidious (and less obvious) issue: incomplete information. The blame for that can be laid at the feet of any number of parties\u2014labels, distributors, aggregators, and even artists themselves. Files pass through lots of (virtual) hands between the recording studio and the streaming platforms, and if anyone in that chain neglects to include all of the relevant information\u2014or accidentally deletes it during a file transfer or some other process\u2014the consequences can be serious. Aside from the basic issue of contributors (e.g. songwriters, producers, etc.) not being recognized for their work, faulty metadata often results in artists, labels and publishers not being paid the royalties they\u2019re due. Across the industry, it\u2019s estimated that this problem results in billions being left on the table each year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It doesn\u2019t help that there are no universal standards for metadata. Formats vary from one platform to the next, and many music industry professionals are focused only on the metadata that\u2019s most relevant to their day-to-day workload. Complicating matters further are things like file formats, which also have no universal standard. Most people are by now familiar with the MP3, which retains metadata, but given their limited fidelity, it\u2019s increasingly common to send audio files in uncompressed, higher-quality formats, such as WAV or AIFF. The latter, which was first developed by Apple, also retains metadata, but WAVs tend to be more popular. Unfortunately, though, they\u2019re also much more likely to lose their metadata, which is essentially what causes all of those blank fields when they\u2019re dropped into iTunes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“If I encode metadata into WAVs, it can get lost very easily… It’s kind of a waste of time.”<\/p>Sam John – Precise Mastering<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Even in the hands of professionals, WAV files can be problematic. Sam John, a London-based cutting and mastering engineer who\u2019s been running Precise Mastering since 2005, explains, \u201cIf I encode metadata into WAVs, it can get lost very easily. Any conversion at any stage just loses it. I can do it, but the next step down the road, it\u2019s gone. It\u2019s kind of a waste of time.\u201d That\u2019s why Miles Anzaldo, the Music Director at Los Angeles radio station KROQ<\/a>, has to use Adobe Audition to manually enter metadata whenever a new song is added into rotation. The station only plays WAVs on the air, a policy that\u2019s great for audio quality, but also gives rise to the occasional absurdity. \u201cSometimes a label will send an AIFF, and I will then have to convert it to a WAV,\u201d he explains, noting that after the conversion, he will then have to manually re-input the song\u2019s metadata.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That sort of frustration is often shared by music journalists, music supervisors and really anyone who\u2019s sent music in bulk, as improper or missing metadata can seriously impact their ability to engage with a piece of music\u2014even when they like what they hear. \u201cA lot of people think I want WAV files, but they don\u2019t hold any metadata, so they\u2019re kind of useless,\u201d says Alison Moses, a music supervisor at Aperture Music<\/a> in Los Angeles. Philip Sherburne, a contributing editor at Pitchfork and the co-host of the Lapsus program on Spain\u2019s Radio 3, often runs into situations where \u201cthere\u2019s no artist name, there\u2019s no label name, there\u2019s nothing. Sometimes I\u2019m left Googling track titles to try and figure out what this thing might be.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cthere\u2019s no artist name, there\u2019s no label name, there\u2019s nothing. Sometimes I\u2019m left Googling track titles to try and figure out what this thing might be.\u201d<\/p>Philip Sherburne – Contributing Editor, Pitchfork<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Artists, especially ones who are just getting started, might think that metadata isn\u2019t their concern, but improperly labelled and formatted files can even cause problems during some of the earliest stages of the music-making process. \u201cI wouldn\u2019t say metadata is the most important thing for demos,\u201d says Andrew Hershey (a.k.a. Dre Skull), who runs the Mixpak label and has written and produced for artists such as Snoop Dogg, Vybz Kartel, Popcaan and Wizkid. \u201cBut I do remain shocked how many people send MP3s that have no artist name or no other contact info, or send a link to a ZIP of MP3s\u2026 [that] aren\u2019t labelled or named with anything that would help me track down who sent it.\u201d Nina Agzarian (a.k.a. Nina Las Vegas), a DJ, producer and former radio presenter on Australia\u2019s Triple J, adds, \u201cI\u2019ve literally had things named wrong, and have tracklisted them that way because nobody has given me the correct name.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It\u2019s maddening to think about artists missing opportunities because of something as mundane as a filename (or lack thereof), but it happens all the time. Dwayne Parris-Robinson, a London-based DJ and producer who works under the name Parris and repeatedly describes his laptop as \u201corganized chaos,\u201d explains: \u201cThe number of times I\u2019ve said, \u2018What even is this? Who sent me this?\u2019 I\u2019m not trying to trawl through emails to find out who it is.\u201d Perhaps that sounds harsh, but when someone is receiving dozens (or hundreds) of releases a month from artists, labels, producers, PR companies and other entities trying to push their latest offerings, these things often boil down to a question of time management.

\u201cIf a project\u2019s metadata is not full and complete, a lot of writers won\u2019t even touch it,\u201d says Terra Lopez, a Los Angeles-based music publicist at Terrorbird Media. \u201cThroughout my whole pitching process, it\u2019s very important to have everything labeled properly.\u201d That\u2019s why she also requires her clients to make sure that all of their metadata is on point before a campaign begins. \u201cI used to do all that work myself,\u201d she explains, \u201cbut now it\u2019s a prerequisite that when I take on a project, I send them a list of the assets that I need. I\u2019m very clear that [metadata and file naming] needs to be handled on their end.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The rise of streaming platforms (and their increased use as a promotional and marketing tool within the industry) has alleviated the metadata problem to a certain degree\u2014at least when it comes to basic information such as artist name, song title and album title\u2014but many professionals still prefer to have their own copy of the music. \u201cIf something is just an email in my inbox with a streaming link, it will be forgotten within minutes,\u201d says Sherburne. \u201cIf I\u2019m writing about it, I download it. If I like it, I download it. I don\u2019t necessarily trust things living in the cloud. The only way to be sure that I\u2019ll have something in five or ten years is to download it.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For Sherburne and others like him, downloading is often just the first step in what can be a convoluted exercise in file management. Although iTunes (which has technically been rebranded as Apple\u2019s Music app) continues to be the default storage software for many professionals, using it effectively tends to require a lot more than simply dragging and dropping files into the program. WAV files are arguably the most egregious offenders when it comes to missing information, and if someone isn\u2019t interested in doing a lot of manual data entry to populate the various metadata fields, some sort of workaround is needed. \u201cIf a file in is WAV,\u201d explains Sherburne, \u201cI drop it into an audio editor called Amadeus Pro, and I will convert everything from a WAV to an AIFF before I put it into iTunes.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Use Byta as a metadata editor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Create, Promote, Discover<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Sign up for free<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

However, even when files are delivered in metadata-friendly formats like MP3 or AIFF, headaches can still arise. Maybe the artist, track and release information will all be put into the track title field, and for good measure, sometimes the track number, label and\/or catalog number will be thrown in there too. When things get particularly messy, various metadata fields will be littered with leftover production labels (e.g. \u201cMIX2,\u201d \u201cFINAL MASTER,\u201d etc.). \u201cRarely are compilations correctly tagged,\u201d adds Sherburne. \u201cOftentimes they\u2019ll just have \u2018Various Artists\u2019 as the artist name and the individual artist names will be in the track title, and I have to go through and individually fix those.\u201d Isabela Raygoza, a New York-based journalist who specializes in Latin music and also curates playlists for SoundCloud and other mainstream streaming platforms, cites another issue: non-English characters (e.g. accents, tildes, umlauts, etc.), which frequently get fouled up in file names and metadata fields. \u201cThat causes a lot of problems because you see percentages and ampersands instead of accents,\u201d she says. \u201cBeing a writer and an editor, it\u2019s annoying, because you can\u2019t even immediately read what the word is.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The average person might see these things as a minor inconvenience, but for anyone adding hundreds of songs (or more) to their collection each month, some cleanup is often needed to protect both their sanity and productivity. Although the degree of that cleanup ultimately boils down to just how tidy they want their digital library to be, even sorting out the basics can be time-consuming. \u201cI want to be able to sort by artist, sort by album and ideally be able to find the record label if it\u2019s in the comments field,\u201d says Sherburne, who also makes an effort to add the year to each file. DJs\u2014most of who play digital song files using programs like Rekordbox and Traktor\u2014are another group for whom metadata cleanup has become a regular part of their routine. Parris, who admits that he \u201chonestly couldn\u2019t care less\u201d about his iTunes and leaves most files sitting in his Downloads folder for months at a time, will still go into Rekordbox and fill in metadata gaps before heading off for a weekend of gigs. Although he\u2019s not neurotic about populating every single field\u2014\u201cAs long as I can see the track name, I\u2019m cool,\u201d he says\u2014the process takes time, and is essential to his ability to perform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So what\u2019s the solution? Barring the creation of a universal protocol or a centralized global database\u2014the latter has been attempted several times, without success\u2014the responsibility falls on individual actors within the music industry. That\u2019s unfortunate because no amount of individual \u201cgood behaviour\u201d is going to solve all of the metadata issues out there, but increased awareness certainly seems like a good place to start. On a basic level, artists (and anyone who works with them) should know that improper metadata can easily screw up their income stream, preventing money that they\u2019ve legally earned from ever reaching them. Beyond that, it\u2019s important to remember that in an industry where building relationships is key to success, those relationships aren\u2019t helped by files that aren\u2019t labelled properly or don\u2019t contain all of the relevant information about the music they contain. Whether it\u2019s a journalist you want to review your record, a label you hope to sign with or a music supervisor who might put your song in a television show, they at least need to know who you are and what it is that they\u2019re listening to.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Part II: Sending available to read here<\/a>!<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Part I \u2013 Metadata Inside your downloads folder, you come across a folder labelled \u201cWAV.\u201d Inside are eight tracks. Maybe they have track titles, or maybe each one is simply named \u201cTRACK 01,\u201d \u201cTRACK 02,\u201d etc. You decide to listen anyways, and after a quick preview with the spacebar, you drop the files into iTunes, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2361,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2235","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guest-post","category-insights"],"yoast_head":"\nMetadata: Digital Blues Part I - Byta Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Digital Blues: Challenges of Music Sharing. Part I: Metadata \u2013 those in the know, know. Metadata is important. 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